the impact of universal service obligations and other external cross subsidies on teledensity in developing countries by boris ramos a dissertation submitted to faculty worcester polytechnic institute partial fulfillment requirements for degree doctor philosophy telecom planning system dynamics may 2006 approved dr khalid saeed chairman doctoral committee kaveh pahlavan co chair kevin clements member arthur gerstenfeld oleg pavlov 2 my wife daughter 3 abstract failure consider complexity regional telecommunication systems has increased gap between regions rural sectors earmarked funds generated various types direct have not helped this situation research uses modeling approach understand evaluate how different policies affect telephone densities it is demonstrated that some prevalent be counterproductive policy experiments with model demonstrate market clearing pricing implemented
