1 financing mechanisms and reforms to leverage local resources regional workshop on water utilities nairobi december 2006 meera mehta consultant thomas fugelsnes finance specialist sanitation program africa 2 outline the nature of challenge case for leveraging micro small projects kenya experience 3 market not only investments more infrastructure but improved wss services doubling aid additional increased coverage affordable access poor 4 why countries achieve economically feasible levels sector expenditure say percent gdp without hitting mtef ceiling public enable different service ladder funds focusing basic rahabilitation augmenetation in existing customer participation rigour helps increase sustainability contribute development financial through new business lines domestic institutions 5 sources user contributions commercial capital cost charges borrowing