an island economy or economies ireland after the belfast agreement paper presented at conference mapping frontiers plotting pathways routes to co operation on a divided armagh city hotel thursday january 19 th 2006 economic and social research institute 4 burlington road dublin mob tel 353 86 829 8799 switch 1 667 1525 email john bradley esri ie web www abstract intellectual ground has been shifting under conventional neo classical model of convergence recent advances in study geography suggest that conditions required for take place tend not hold practice rather attention is focused importance such factors as initial level regional physical infrastructure local levels human capital fact regions start off with structural differences may never converge any reasonable time period new even suggests removal barriers trade factor movements might actually lead relative deterioration than improvement some second branch institutional economics looks beneath behaviour markets into role frameworks sustain