solar energy conversion electricity generation photovoltaic joachim luther fraunhofer institut for systems freiburg germany faculty mathematic and physics university of exemplary path global primary oil coal gas nuclear power hydroelectricity biomass traditional advanced pv thermal heat only other renewables geothermal wind source german advisory council on change 2003 www wbgu de tw year2000 2020 2040 200 600 1000 1400 2100 ej a 0 10 30 40 50 20 status electrical 2005 photovoltaics globally installed 5 500 mw annual growth rate optically concentrating plants pilot projects 354 market restart ise bundesverband solarindustrie bsi modules 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 400 800 20042002 1 000 mwp a1 pse gmbh si flat plate price experience curve euro 2 usd 100 cumulated wp 2010 technological maturity
