leea nathalie lenoir laboratoire d economie et econométrie de l aérien ecole nationale aviation civile www recherche enac fr air transportation organization and policy regulation deregulation in the airline industry marché des déplacements interrégionaux internationaux voyageurs lenoir2 plan of presentation 1 regulated period why was 2 international traffic 3 domestic us market years european single an evolving situation 4 summary findings lenoir3 a historically usa until 1978 liberalized between 1987 1997 still by bilateral agreements countries limited competition some freedom prices frequencies but limitations numbers airlines most cases meant practically no lenoir4 different reasons for geopolitical context tensions protection national
