11 chapter 2 european industries on a deregulated energy market the volvo case karlsson b dag s 1 executive summary member countries within union eu has agreed to open all national electricity markets for competition starting january 1999 elec tricity in sweden is since 1996 deregulation of will gradually shift price levels differ ent towards an equal level which most likely be close continental europe ce are not at today table may change situation swedish dramatically capacity electric generation with low operating costs led very prices and high usage compared other consumption per capita nearly three times higher than average typical also industrial cus tomers studies car corporation 8 have shown that plant torslanda utilizes substantially more