401 chapter 13 transport reform vital to economy the rapid development of japanese has placed considerable pressure on infrastructure despite such leading edge developments as shinkansen bullet train japan s heavily regulated high cost and distribution systems their restrictive administrative industrial practices remain a serious constraint growth in an effort overcome some these constraints government is encouraging modal shift 1 domestic including greater utilisation rail coastal shipping networks however are constrained by regulatory frameworks which engender chronic lack capacity poor responsiveness road companies face driver shortages congestion variety regulations limitations size vehicles cargoes service areas deregulation packages consistently contain measures designed lower barriers entry increase competition productivity often provide only partial solutions that leave major problems unresolved achieving desired objectives reasonable timeframe may require more radical approaches this examines how business addressing issues aviation sectors highlights costs benefits for
