opening of the european market for electricity p van roy r belmans g pepermans s proost b willems l conings ei st 02 3 fin june 28 2000 university leuven energy institute c o applied mechanics and conversion 3001 heverlee belgium preface ku started its research activities foundation industry in 1997 medium term generic it concentrates on two major subjects kyoto protocol greenhouse gas reduction consequences effects liberalisation first report formally published may 31 1999 dealt with this second deals after a year long process negotiations between member states directive 96 92 ec common rules internal was adopted december 19 1996 entered into force months later gave years to comply although there delay some all have now implemented however strong harmonisation efforts are still needed particularly cross border transmission congestion management