industry profile for nonroad diesel tier 4 rule final report prepared todd sherwood us environmental protection agency assessment and standards division 2000 traverwood drive mail drop aahdoc ann arbor mi 48105 2498 by william white michael gallaher andrea thomas brooks depro health social economics research rti triangle park nc 27709 epa contract number 68 d 99 024 project 07647 004 400 april 2003 iii contents section page 1 introduction overview of results 2 engine market categories characteristics the supply side 3 design production processes costs emission control technologies organization suppliers 6 structure firm 10 integrated vs merchant manufacturers 11 demand 12 derived engines substitution possibilities in consumption 13 5 historical data trends 14