brazil 2003 4 1 where necessary values have been converted from brazilian real r to us dollars at the rate of 3 08 00 2 references that include a section mark are found in internet cited mineral industry by alfredo c gurmendi remained among leading world producers such commodities as bauxite after australia and guinea columbium niobium followed canada iron ore china graphite india manganese gabon south africa tantalum tin indonesia peru carlin 2004 corathers cunningham 2004a b kirk olson 2004b plunkert which was an industrial power with largest total area more than 8 5 square kilometers population 184 million inhabitants latin america economy mercado común del cono sur mercosur second americas eighth worldwide it had gross domestic product gdp 38 trillion terms purchasing parity s growth 0 compared 2002 foreign exchange reserves increased about 37