226 journal of managed care pharmacy jmcp may june 2004 vol 10 no 3 www amcp org original research effects an increase in prescription copayment on utilization low sedating antihistamines and nasal steroids brian l meissner pharmd w mark moore mba judith a shinogle phd msc ce reeder john m little jr md ealth administrators are struggling to provide quality while controlling costs new advance ments the treatment highly prevalent diseases contributed 1 2 trillion spent health united states 1999 moreover during growth drug expenditure led all other services at 16 9 centers for medicare & medicaid studies cms projected that by 2010 will total 6 account 15 gross domestic product these increases fueled part rising cost increased pharmaceuticals can be attributed number factors instance over past 30 years third parties expanding benefits has as evidenced decrease