bid ask spreads and liquidity determinants across various market structures on the italian bourse by dionigi gerace a dissertation submitted in fulfillment of requirements for degree doctor philosophy at university federico ii naples coordinator candidate prof achille basile october 2005 dedication to my family friends who ways contributed this outcome acknowledgements i am indebted supervisor professor alex frino his constant encouragement support guidance individual qualities combined well give me first class supervision all respects would like also express gratitude gave opportunity come sydney addition thank emilia di lorenzo her assistance special thanks go australian stock exchange securities industry research centre australia sirca provision data without which not have been possible andrew lepone has always willing help vital preparing luke bortoli was listen provide invaluable
