october 2006 vsjf 61 elm street montpelier vt 05602 802 828 1260 www org forest certification issues & opportunities systems i t was in the context of global deforestation particularly tropical and inter national deadlock regarding sustainable forestry that such as stewardship council fsc were created pattberg 2005 362 cashore et al believe advent ushered a new breed development institutions outside traditional governmental processes 2004 4 non state market driven governance marine fair trade eg cof fee fruit cotton are fundamentally different from regulatory command control other labeling epa s energy star or usda organic regimes main attributes role sovereignty is not used to force compliance certified products demanded by purchasers further down supply chain stakeholders authority granted through an internal evaluative process enforcement must be verified evaluation 20 american foundation
