reiner martin and isabel vansteenkiste regulatory reforms in eu telecommunications electricity markets heading towards price convergence this paper investigates the sources of intra dispersion two important network industries namely both sectors experienced substantial over past couple years resulting widespread introduction competition traditionally monopolistic empirical results reported confirm that these resulted significant downward effects further progress with is likely to result falls reduced level differences across member states a number are key element structural policy european union some notably energy gas water postal services transport urban air railways sizeable their own right together they make up more than six per cent gdp employment furthermore also provide essential input for almost all other economic most