This report focuses on the world nutraceuticals and dietary supplements markets. The product categories examined include vitamins, minerals, herbal and non-herbal extracts. Additionally, the study reviews measurement methods and resources utilized in the dietary supplements industry. Packed with the latest information relating to new products and industry trends, this analysis not only quantifies but also qualifies the nutraceuticals market in the areas of research, product development and investment opportunities. The main objectives of this report are to: 1) discuss viable market prospects through the identification of high-growth opportunities in different nutraceuticals and dietary supplements areas; 2) focus on global dietary supplements industry development through an in-depth analysis of the major world market, including forecasts for growth; and 3) examine the use of nutraceuticals and dietary supplements in pharmaceutical drug development, with examples of its use in the development and repositioning of therapeutic agents. This study contains the latest information on the nutraceuticals and dietary supplements market in the United States. It includes information on the products that comprise this industry, descriptions, RDA (recommended daily allowances) where established, common dosages, packaging and quantities.

# 1. Overview 7
# 1.1 Statement of Report 7
# 1.2 Objectives 7
# 1.3 Scope 7
# 1.4 Methodology 8
# 1.5 Executive Summary 8
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# 2. Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements Markets 10
# 2.1 Overview 10
# 2.1.1 DSHEA Classification 10
# 2.1.2 DSHEA 10
# 2.2 Food and Drug Administration Policy 14
# 2.3 Voluntary Industry Compliance to GMPs 14
# 2.3.1 Current Progress 15
# 2.3.2 Future Trends 15
# 2.4 Key Issues 18
# 2.4.1 Herbals: Standardized Dosage 18
# 2.4.2 Vitamin Supplements 18
# 2.4.3 Mineral Supplements 19
# 2.4.3.1 PEST Analysis of Vitamin and Mineral Deficiencies in Food 19
# 2.4.4 Homeopathic Remedies 21
# 2.4.4.1 Key Issues in Homeopathy 22
# 2.4.4.2 What Is Homeopathy? 22
# 2.4.4.3 History 22
# 2.4.4.4 U.S. Revival of Homeopathy 23
# 2.4.4.5 Homeopathic Training 23
# 2.4.4.6 Homeopathic Treatment Regimen 24
# 2.4.4.7 Homeopathic Remedies 24
# 2.4.4.8 FDA Regulation of Homeopathic Remedies 24
# 2.4.4.9 Homeopathy: Side Effects or Complications 24
# 2.4.4.10 Scientific Research on Homeopathy 25
# 2.4.4.11 Continuing Homeopathic Controversies 25
# 2.4.4.12 NCCAM-Funded Research on Homeopathy 26
# 2.4.5 Essential Oils 26
# 2.5 Labeling Requirements 26
# 2.5.1 Nutrient Content Claims 27
# 2.5.2 Antioxidant Claims 29
# 2.5.3 High Potency Claims 30
# 2.5.4 Percentage Claims 31
# 2.5.5 Health Claims 31
# 2.5.6 Structure and Function Claims 32
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# 3. Nutraceuticals Market Segments 34
# 3.1 Overview 34
# 3.1.1 World Markets 35
# 3.1.2 U.S. Market 38
# 3.2 Market Trends 45
# 3.2.1 Market Segments 50
# 3.2.2 Customer Needs 50
# 3.2.3 Competitor Analysis 50
# 3.3 Pricing Pressures 51
# 3.3.1 ``Big Box`` Retailing 51
# 3.3.2 Internet Retailing 51
# 3.3.3 Mail Order 51
# 3.3.4 Chain Retail Outlets 51
# 3.3.5 ``Mom and Pop`` Health Food Stores 52
# 3.3.6 Multi-Level Marketing (MLM) 52
# 3.4 Third-Party Reimbursement 52
# 3.5 Regulation Trends 52
# 3.5.1 Food Labeling and Nutrition 53
# 3.5.2 Dietary Supplements 54
# 3.5.3 Public Meetings and Hearings 55
# 3.5.4 Herbs and Botanicals Market: New Opportunities 55
# 3.5.5 Current Market Dynamics 55
# 3.5.6 Quality Issues 56
# 3.5.7 Regulatory Pressures 58
# 3.5.8 Opportunities 60
# 3.5.9 Other Opportunities 61
# 3.6 Advertising 62
# 3.7 Women's Health 62
# 3.8 Distribution and Sales 65
# 3.8.1 Branded Products 65
# 3.8.2 Mass-Market Sales 66
# 3.8.3 Health Food Channels 66
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# 4. Technology Issues 68
# 4.1 Raw Material Variability 68
# 4.1.1 Realities of Natural Products 68
# 4.1.2 Source Variability 68
# 4.1.3 Method of Production/Acquisition Variability 68
# 4.1.4 Testing Issues 70
# 4.1.4.1 United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) 70
# 4.1.4.2 NSF International 71
# 4.1.4.3 Animal Testing 73
# 4.2 Production Methods 73
# 4.3 Change Control: OEM Materials and Production Methods 74
# 4.4 Cleanliness, Sterilization Methods, Concerns 74
# 4.5 Categories of Nutraceuticals 74
# 4.5.1 Aloe Products 74
# 4.5.2 Amino Acids 74
# 4.5.2.1 Tryptophan (Essential Amino Acid) 75
# 4.5.2.2 Lysine (Essential Amino Acid) 75
# 4.5.2.3 Methionine (Essential Amino Acid) 75
# 4.5.2.4 Phenylalaine (Essential Amino Acid) 75
# 4.5.2.5 Threonine (Essential Amino Acid) 75
# 4.5.2.6 Valine (Essential Amino Acid) 75
# 4.5.2.7 Leucine and Isoleucine (Essential Amino Acid) 75
# 4.5.2.8 Arginine (Non-Essential Amino Acid) 75
# 4.5.2.9 Tyrosine (Non-Essential Amino Acid) 75
# 4.5.2.10 Glycine (Non-Essential Amino Acid) 76
# 4.5.2.11 Serine (Non-Essential Amino Acid) 76
# 4.5.2.12 Glutamic Acid (Non-Essential Amino Acid) 76
# 4.5.2.13 Asparatic Acid (Non-Essential Amino Acid) 76
# 4.5.2.14 Taurine (Non-Essential Amino Acid) 76
# 4.5.2.15 Cystine (Non-Essential Amino Acid) 76
# 4.5.2.16 Histidine (Non-Essential Amino Acid) 76
# 4.5.2.17 Proline (Non-Essential Amino Acid) 76
# 4.5.2.18 Alanine (Non-Essential Amino Acid) 76
# 4.5.3 Antioxidants 77
# 4.5.4 Aromatherapy 77
# 4.5.5 Beauty Products 77
# 4.5.6 Bee Products 77
# 4.5.7 Calcium 78
# 4.5.8 Cardiovascular Health 78
# 4.5.9 Children's Vitamins and Minerals 79
# 4.5.10 Coenzymes 80
# 4.5.11 Colon Products 80
# 4.5.12 Diet Products 80
# 4.5.13 Enzymes 80
# 4.5.14 Eye Care and Nutrition Products 81
# 4.5.15 Food Supplements 81
# 4.5.16 Foot Care Products 81
# 4.5.17 Garlic 81
# 4.5.18 Green Foods 81
# 4.5.19 Hair Care Products 83
# 4.5.20 Herbal Products and Tea 83
# 4.5.20.1 Alfalfa (mendicago sativa) 83
# 4.5.20.2 Aloe Vera (aloe barbadenis) 84
# 4.5.20.3 Blessed Thistle 84
# 4.5.20.4 Burdock Root 84
# 4.5.20.5 Capsicum or Cayenne (capsicum frutescens) 84
# 4.5.20.6 Cascara Sagrada or ``Sacred Bark`` (rhamnus purshiana) 84
# 4.5.20.7 Chamomile 84
# 4.5.20.8 Chapparal 84
# 4.5.20.9 Comfrey 85
# 4.5.20.10 Echinacea (echinacea angustifolia) 85
# 4.5.20.11 Euphrasia (euphrasia officinalis) 85
# 4.5.20.12 Fo Ti (polygonum multiflorum) 85
# 4.5.20.13 Garlic (allium sativum) 85
# 4.5.20.14 Ginger (zangiber officinale) 85
# 4.5.20.15 Ginseng (panax ginseng) 85
# 4.5.20.16 Gotu Kola (hydrocotyle asiatica or centella asiatica) 86
# 4.5.20.17 Green Tea Extract 86
# 4.5.20.18 Hawthorne Berries (crataegus oxyacantha) 87
# 4.5.20.19 Hyssop 87
# 4.5.20.20 Licorice 87
# 4.5.20.21 Ma Huang 87
# 4.5.20.22 Mullein 87
# 4.5.20.23 Rose Hips (rosa canina) 87
# 4.5.20.24 Sarsaparilla (smilax officinalis) 87
# 4.5.20.25 Saw Palmetto or Pygeum Extract 88
# 4.5.20.26 Soy Isoflavone Extract 88
# 4.5.20.27 Spirulina 88
# 4.5.20.28 St. John's Wort Extract 88
# 4.5.20.29 Turmeric 88
# 4.5.20.30 Valerian 88
# 4.5.20.31 Yellow Dock 89
# 4.5.21 Homeopathy 89
# 4.5.22 Minerals 90
# 4.5.22.1 Calcium 90
# 4.5.22.2 Magnesium 90
# 4.5.22.3 Iron 90
# 4.5.22.4 Iodine 90
# 4.5.22.5 Chromium 90
# 4.5.22.6 Copper 90
# 4.5.22.7 Magnesium, Magnesium Oxide 91
# 4.5.22.8 Manganese 91
# 4.5.22.9 Potassium 91
# 4.5.22.10 Selenium 91
# 4.5.22.11 Silver, Colloidal 91
# 4.5.22.12 Zinc 91
# 4.5.22.13 Trace Minerals 91
# 4.5.23 Multivitamins 92
# 4.5.24 Nutritional Oils 92
# 4.5.24.1 Flaxseed/Linseed Oil 92
# 4.5.24.2 Black Currant Oil 92
# 4.5.24.3 Borage Seed Oil 92
# 4.5.24.4 Cod Liver Oil 92
# 4.5.24.5 Evening Primrose Oil 92
# 4.5.24.6 Omega-3/Fish Oils 92
# 4.5.25 Personal Care Products 94
# 4.5.25.1 Hyaluronic Acid 94
# 4.5.25.2 Natural Beauty Soaps 94
# 4.5.25.3 Creams 94
# 4.5.26 Vitamins 95
# 4.5.26.1 Vitamin A (Beta-Carotene) 95
# 4.5.26.2 Vitamin B-1 (Thiamin) 95
# 4.5.26.3 Vitamin B-2 (Riboflavin) 96
# 4.5.26.4 Vitamin B-3 (Niacin) 96
# 4.5.26.5 Vitamin B-6 (Pyridoxine) 96
# 4.5.26.6 Vitamin B-12 (Cobalamin) 96
# 4.5.26.7 Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) 97
# 4.5.26.8 Vitamin D (Calciferol) 97
# 4.5.26.9 Vitamin E (Tocopherol) 97
# 4.5.26.10 Pantothenic Acid 98
# 4.5.26.11 Biotin 98
# 4.5.26.12 Folic Acid 98
# 4.5.26.13 Inositol 98
# 4.5.26.14 Choline 99
# 4.5.26.15 PABA (Para Amino Benzoic Acid) 99
# 4.5.27 Women's Products 99
# 4.6 Functional Foods 101
# 4.7 Category Variations and Combinations 105
# 4.7.1 Joint Compounds 105
# 4.7.2 Memory Assistance Products 106
# 4.7.3 Men's Products 106
# 4.7.4 Children's Vitamins and Minerals 106
# 4.7.5 Teenagers' Vitamins and Minerals 106
# 4.7.6 Sports Products 107
# 4.7.7 Cardiovascular Health 108
# 4.7.8 Pet Products 109
# 4.8 Future Directions 109
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# 5. Business Trends 111
# 5.1 Market Drivers 111
# 5.1.1 Medical and Clinical Studies 111
# 5.1.2 Preventive Medicine 116
# 5.1.2.1 Controversy Over Mega Doses 117
# 5.1.2.2 Proven Supplements 117
# 5.1.2.3 Dangerous Interactions 118
# 5.1.3 Holistic Medicine 118
# 5.1.4 CAM: Complementary and Alternative Medicine 118
# 5.1.5 Demographics 120
# 5.1.6 Growing Convergence in Conventional Medicine and Alternatives 120
# 5.1.7 Changing Lifestyles 121
# 5.1.8 Increasing Healthcare Costs 121
# 5.1.9 Increasing Consumer Interest in a Healthy Lifestyle 121
# 5.2 Market Prospects 121
# 5.3 Marketing and Distribution 122
# 5.3.1 ``Big Box`` Retailing 122
# 5.3.2 Internet Marketing 122
# 5.3.3 Mail Order 122
# 5.3.4 Chain Retail Outlets (Grocery, Dedicated) 123
# 5.3.5 ``Mom and Pop`` (Stand Alone) Health Food Stores 123
# 5.3.6 MLM (Multi Level Marketing) 123
# 5.3.7 Customized Nutraceuticals 123
# 5.3.8 Ethnic-Specific Nutraceuticals 123
# 5.3.9 Managing Glycemic Response 124
# 5.4 Competitive Landscape 125
# 5.5 Business Developments 125
# 5.6 Acquisitions and Partnerships 125
# 5.7 Key Players 126
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# 6. Product Innovations and Introductions 128
# 6.1 Recently-Announced Product Innovations/Introductions 128
# 6.2 Future Technologies 129
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# 7. Recently-Announced Industry Activity 130
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# 8. Corporate Profiles 132
# 8.1 Advanced Nutraceuticals 132
# 8.2 General Nutrition Center (GNC) 132
# 8.3 Leiner Health Products 133
# 8.4 Natrol 134
# 8.5 NBTY 135
# 8.6 Nutraceutical International Corporation 135
# 8.7 Perrigo Company 136
# 8.8 Puritan's Pride 136
# 8.9 Schiff 137
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# 9. List of Nutraceutical Companies 139