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US demand to grow 2.6% annually through 2011



US demand for plumbing fixtures and fittings is expected to advance 2.6 percent annually through 2011 to $11.4 billion. Growth will be supported by increasing applications in improvement and repair markets in both residential and nonresidential construction and by an acceleration in new nonresidential construction expenditures. Gains will also be aided by ongoing trends toward larger bathrooms and kitchens in residential markets. These factors will help to offset weak singlefamily housing completions and a moderation in raw material pricing for metal and plastic. US shipments of plumbing fixtures and fittings are forecast to increase marginally through 2011. Gains in plumbing product shipments will lag that of demand as imports -- which grew nearly 17 percent per annum between 1996 and 2006 -- continue to expand at a rapid pace. The bulk of plumbing product imports will continue to be from Asian manufacturers with lower production costs, who supply products for economy-minded customers, and from European firms looking to expand their reach to aesthetic-minded customers. In addition, producers based in Latin American nations will continue to represent a small, but growing source of imports for the US market.



Demand for fittings to grow at a faster pace than fixtures



Demand for plumbing fittings is expected to expand at a slightly faster pace than its fixture counterpart. Advances will be supported by product developments -- such as a broader pallette of finishes, electronic functionality and universally accessible control design -- that will help generate demand for plumbing fittings. Consumer interest in higher-end amenities, particularly those with European influence, will also bolster value growth. Consumer interest in higher-end fixtures -- including whirlpool bathtubs, enhanced showers, and hot tubs and spas -- across all markets will aid value demand gains for plumbing fixtures. Additionally, product developments aimed at adding value -- such as chromotherapy lighting and sound systems -- will spur demand. Ongoing consumer interest in nontraditional materials (e.g., glass, concrete or teak) will aid value growth through 2011.



Residential will remain dominant market



The residential market accounted for 69 percent of plumbing product demand in 2006. The segment will not, however, lead advances in the industry through 2011. Growth is anticipated to decelerate significantly from the 2001-2006 period, which was characterized by strong new housing construction. The new housing market is expected to weaken through 2011, highlighted by a decline in singlefamily housing completions. Strong new nonresidential construction spending will nevertheless support plumbing fixture and fitting demand through 2011. Both the residential and nonresidential markets will see solid gains in improvement and repair activity going forward.



Study coverage



It presents historical demand data (1996, 2001, 2006) plus forecasts for 2011 and 2016 by material, type, market, and region of the US. In addition, this study assesses key market environment factors, evaluates company market shares and profiles 32 industry competitors.

INTRODUCTION xiv

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1

II. MARKET ENVIRONMENT 4
General 4
Macroeconomic Overview 5
Consumer Income & Spending 9
Personal Income & Expenditures 10
Consumer Financing 12
Demographic Trends 16
Building Construction Trends 19
Residential Construction 22
Housing Overview 24
Housing Completions 26
Residential Floor Space 28
Housing Stock 29
Existing Home Sales 30
Households 30
Bathroom Trends 31
Improvements & Repairs 32
Nonresidential Construction 34
Construction Expenditures 34
Improvements & Repairs 36
Manufacturing Outlook 37
Pricing & Product Mix 41
Historical Market Trends 44
Environmental & Regulatory Considerations 47
Plumbing Codes 47
Water Conservation Regulations & Standards 48
Toilet Fixtures 49
Shower Fittings 51
Lavatory Fittings 52
EPA Programs 52
Drinking Water Quality 53
Americans with Disabilities Act 54

III. OVERVIEW 55
General 55
Supply & Demand 57
Foreign Trade 60
Imports 61
Exports 64
World Plumbing Product Outlook 67

IV. FIXTURES BY MATERIAL 69
General 69
Vitreous China 74
Product Characteristics 76
Suppliers 76
Plastics 77
Fiberglass 81
Cast Polymer 83
Acrylic 86
Other Plastics 89
Metal 91
Cast Iron 94
Steel & Other Metals 97
Other Materials 101

V. FIXTURES BY TYPE 104
General 104
Supply & Demand 105
Plumbing Fixture Overview 108
Bathtub & Shower Fixtures 112
Bathtubs 115
Whirlpool Bathtubs 118
Shower Stalls & Receptors 122
Bathtub & Shower Enclosures 125
Sink Fixtures 127
Lavatories 130
Kitchen Sinks 134
Other Sinks 137
Toilet Fixtures 139
State & Federal Regulations 141
Voluntary Performance & Water Saving Programs 142
Water Closet Bowls 144
Flush Tanks 148
Urinals 150
Other Plumbing Fixtures 154
Hot Tubs & Spas 156
All Other Plumbing Fixtures 158
Drinking Fountains 158
Bidets 159
Plumbing Fixture Market Share 160
Kohler 161
Masco 161
American Standard 162
Jacuzzi 162
Other Leaders 163

VI. FITTINGS 165
General 165
Bathtub & Shower Fittings 168
Antiscald Valves 170
Single Lever Controls 171
Showerheads & Fittings 173
Bathtub & Shower Combinations 175
Personal Showers 176
Other Bathtub & Shower Fittings 177
Lavatory Fittings 178
Two Lever Controls 180
Single Lever Controls 182
Other Lavatory Fittings 183
Kitchen & Other Sink Fittings 185
Single Lever Controls 188
Deck Faucets 189
All Other Sink Fittings 190
Other Plumbing Fittings 191
Lawn & Hose Fittings 193
Flush Valves & Controls 194
Sediment, Sill & Other Faucets 195
Drains & Overflows 195
ADA Accessibility Products 196
P & S Traps 197
All Other Plumbing Fittings 198
Plumbing Fittings Market Share 199
Masco 200
Kohler 201
Moen 201
Other Leaders 201

VII. MARKETS 203
General 203
Residential 207
Demand by Type 208
Demand by Application 210
New 211
Improvement & Repair 212
Demand by Housing Type 215
Single-Family 217
Multifamily 219
Manufactured Housing 221
Nonresidential 223
Demand by Type 225
Demand by Application 227
New 227
Improvement & Repair 229
Demand by Building Type 230
Office & Commercial 231
Institutional 233
Industrial 235
Other 237
Other Markets 239

VIII. REGIONS 242
General 242
Regional Demographic & Economic Trends 243
Population Patterns 244
Economic Outlook 246
Construction Activity 248
Housing Trends 251
Regional Demand for Plumbing Products 253
Northeast 256
New England 258
Middle Atlantic 258
Midwest 259
East North Central 261
West North Central 262
South 263
South Atlantic 266
East South Central 268
West South Central 269
West 270
Mountain 273
Pacific 273

IX. INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 276
General 276
Industry Composition 277
Market Share 280
Masco 281
Kohler 281
Moen 282
American Standard 282
Jacuzzi 283
Other Leaders 284
Product Development & Manufacturing 285
Competitive Strategies 287
Marketing 289
Distribution 291
Mergers & Acquisitions 293
Cooperative Agreements 296

Company Profiles 298

ACORN AQUA, see Acorn Engineering
Acorn Engineering Company 299
AcornVac, see Acorn Engineering
Alcoa Incorporated 302
Alsons Corporation, see Masco
Alumax Bath Enclosures, see Alcoa
American Shower & Bath Corporation, see Masco
American Standard Americas Incorporated 303
Ann Sacks Tile and Stone Incorporated, see Kohler
Aqua Glass Corporation, see Masco
Aquatic Industries Incorporated, see Tomkins
Astracast USA Incorporated, see Jacuzzi
Black & Decker Corporation 308
Bradley Corporation 310
BrassCraft Manufacturing Company, see Masco
Brasstech Incorporated, see Masco
Briggs Plumbing Products Incorporated 313
Cal Spas, see California Acrylic Industries
California Acrylic Industries Incorporated 315
Cherne Industries Incorporated, see Oatey
Crane Plumbing LLC 317
Danze Incorporated, see Globe Union
Delta Faucet Company, see Masco
Eljer Incorporated 319
Elkay Manufacturing Company 321
Fiat Products, see Crane Plumbing
Fluidmaster Incorporated 324
Fortune Brands Incorporated 325
Franke Holding AG 329
Fusion Hardware Group Incorporated, see Globe Union
Geberit International AG 331
Gerber Plumbing LLC, see Globe Union
Globe Union Industrial Corporation 334
Grohe AG 338
Grupo Industrial Saltillo SA de CV 340
Halsey Taylor, see Elkay Manufacturing
Hansgrohe Incorporated, see Masco
Jacuzzi Brands Corporation 341
Jado, see American Standard Americas
Jandy Pool Products Incorporated 344
Kallista, see Kohler
Kohler Company 345
LASCO Bathware Incorporated, see Tomkins
Liberty Hardware Manufacturing Corporation, see Masco
MAAX Corporation 350
Mansfield Plumbing Products LLC 353
Masco Corporation 355
Mirolin Industries Corporation, see Masco
Moen Incorporated, see Fortune Brands
Murdock-Super Secur Manufacturing,
see Acorn Engineering
NEO-METRO, see Acorn Engineering
Oatey Company 363
Peerless Faucet Company, see Masco
Phylrich International, see Elkay Manufacturing
Porcher, see American Standard Americas
Price Pfister Incorporated, see Black & Decker
Revere Sink, see Elkay Manufacturing
Rexnord LLC 365
Sanymetal, see Crane Plumbing
Sapa Profiles, see Alcoa
Sloan Valve Company 367
St. Thomas Creations Incorporated, see Villeroy & Boch
Sterling Plumbing, see Kohler
Sundance Spas Incorporated, see Jacuzzi
Swan Corporation 369
Symmons Industries Incorporated 371
T&S Brass and Bronze Works Incorporated 372
Tomkins plc 374
TOTO Limited 377
Villeroy & Boch AG 379
Water Pik Incorporated 382
Water Pik Technologies Incorporated, see Carlyle Group
Watkins Manufacturing Corporation, see Masco
Whitehall Manufacturing Incorporated,
see Acorn Engineering
Zurn Industries Incorporated, see Rexnord
Selected Other Companies Mentioned in Study 383

SECTION I -- EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Summary Table 3

SECTION II -- MARKET ENVIRONMENT
1 Macroeconomic Indicators 9
2 Personal Income & Expenditures 12
3 Consumer Financing Environment, 1996-2006 16
4 Resident Population 19
5 Building Construction Expenditures 21
6 Residential Construction Expenditures 24
7 Housing Indicators 25
8 Residential Improvement & Repair Expenditures 33
9 Nonresidential Construction Expenditures 36
10 Nonresidential Improvement & Repair Expenditures 37
11 Manufacturers’ Shipments 40
12 Selected Plumbing Product Prices 43
13 Plumbing Product Market, 1996-2006 46

SECTION III -- OVERVIEW
1 Factors Affecting Plumbing Product Growth through 2011 56
2 Plumbing Product Supply & Demand 59
3 Plumbing Product Foreign Trade 61

SECTION IV -- FIXTURES BY MATERIAL
1 Plumbing Fixture Demand by Material Type 72
2 Vitreous China Plumbing Fixture Demand by Product Type 75
3 Plastic Plumbing Fixture Demand by Material & Product Type 80
4 Fiberglass Plumbing Fixture Demand by Product Type 83
5 Cast Polymer Fixture Demand by Product Type 86
6 Acrylic Plumbing Fixture Demand by Product Type 89
7 Other Plastic Plumbing Fixture Demand by Product Type 91
8 Metal Plumbing Fixture Demand by Material & Product Type 94
9 Cast Iron Plumbing Fixture Demand by Product Type 97
10 Steel & Other Metal Plumbing Fixture Demand
by Product Type 101
11 Other Materials Plumbing Fixture Demand by Product Type 103

SECTION V -- FIXTURES BY TYPE
1 Plumbing Fixture Supply & Demand 107
2 Plumbing Fixture Demand by Type 110
3 Bathtub & Shower Fixture Demand by Type 114
4 Bathtub Demand by Material Type 118
5 Whirlpool Bathtub Demand by Material Type 122
6 Shower Stall & Receptor Demand by Material Type 125
7 Bathtub & Shower Surround Demand
by Product & Material Type 127
8 Sink Fixture Demand by Type 129
9 Lavatory Demand by Material 134
10 Kitchen Sink Demand by Material Type 137
11 Other Sink Demand by Material Type 139
12 Toilet Fixture Demand by Type 141
13 Water Closet Bowl Demand by Product & Material Type 147
14 Flush Tank Demand by Material Type 150
15 Urinal Demand 153
16 Other Plumbing Fixture Demand by Type 155

SECTION VI -- FITTINGS
1 Plumbing Fittings Supply & Demand 167
2 Bathtub & Shower Fitting Demand by Product Type 170
3 Lavatory Fitting Demand by Product Type 180
4 Kitchen & Other Sink Fittings Demand by Product Type 187
5 Other Plumbing Fittings Demand by Product Type 193

SECTION VII -- MARKETS
1 Plumbing Product Demand by Market 206
2 Residential Plumbing Product Demand
by Product Type & Application 208
3 New Residential Plumbing Product Demand by Product Type 212
4 Residential Improvement & Repair Plumbing Product Demand
by Product Type 215
5 Residential Plumbing Product Demand by Housing Type 216
6 Single-Family Housing Plumbing Product Demand
by Product Type & Application 219
7 Multifamily Housing Plumbing Product Demand
by Product Type & Application 221
8 Manufactured Housing Plumbing Product Demand
by Product Type & Application 223
9 Nonresidential Plumbing Product Demand
by Product Type & Application 225
10 New Nonresidential Plumbing Product Demand
by Product Type 228
11 Nonresidential Improvement & Repair Plumbing Product
Demand by Product Type 230
12 Nonresidential Plumbing Product Demand by Building Type 231
13 Office & Commercial Plumbing Product Demand
by Product Type & Application 233
14 Institutional Plumbing Product Demand
by Product Type & Application 235
15 Industrial Plumbing Product Demand
by Product Type & Application 237
16 Other Nonresidential Plumbing Product Demand
by Product Type & Application 238
17 Other Markets Plumbing Product Demand
by Product & Market Type 241

SECTION VIII -- REGIONS
1 Resident Population by Region 246
2 Gross Domestic Product by Region 248
3 Construction Expenditures by Region 250
4 Housing Indicators 253
5 Plumbing Product Demand by Region 255
6 Northeast Plumbing Product Demand by Subregion & Market 257
7 Midwest Plumbing Product Demand by Subregion & Market 261
8 South Plumbing Product Demand by Subregion & Market 266
9 West Plumbing Product Demand by Subregion & Market 272

SECTION IX -- INDUSTRY STRUCTURE
1 Plumbing Product Sales for Selected Companies, 2006 278
2 Selected Acquisitions & Divestitures 295
3 Selected Cooperative Agreements 297

LIST OF CHARTS

SECTION II -- MARKET ENVIRONMENT
1 Year of Construction of Housing Stock, 2006 29
2 Number of Bathrooms in New Single-Family Homes, 1996-2006 32
3 Plumbing Product Growth, 1997-2006 46

SECTION III -- OVERVIEW
1 Plumbing Product Supply & Demand, 1996-2016 59
2 Plumbing Product Imports by Product & Source, 2006 63
3 Plumbing Product Exports by Product & Destination, 2006 66

SECTION IV -- FIXTURES BY MATERIAL
1 Plumbing Fixture Demand by Material Type, 2006:
Units Versus Value 73

SECTION V -- FIXTURES BY TYPE
1 Plumbing Fixture Supply & Demand, 1996-2016 107
2 Plumbing Fixture Demand by Type, 2006: Value Versus Units 111
3 Bathtub & Shower Fixture Demand by Type, 2006 115
4 Sink Fixture Demand by Type, 2006 130
5 Toilet Fixture Demand by Type, 2006 144
6 US Plumbing Fixture Market Share, 2006 161

SECTION VI -- FITTINGS
1 Plumbing Fittings Supply & Demand, 1996-2016 168
2 US Plumbing Fittings Market Share, 2006 200

SECTION VII -- MARKETS
1 Plumbing Product Demand by Market, 2006 206

SECTION VIII -- REGIONS
1 Plumbing Product Demand by Region, 2006 255

SECTION IX -- INDUSTRY STRUCTURE
1 US Plumbing Product Market Share, 2006 281