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This report covers the market for retailing in China. The report covers the following sectors:
- Department stores
- Supermarkets
- Specialist stores (including clothing and other non-food specialist stores)
- Petrol s tations
- Franchise stores
- Convenience stores
- Warehouse clubs
- Furniture stores
- Others

Based upon our own calculations of a realistic retail market size in China should be, between 2000 and 2007,
China’s total retail market grew 166.44% in current terms over the review period to RMB4.93trn – representing
an annual average growth rate of 14.74%.

China’s retail market has broadly opened-up to foreign involvement, now permitted by the government, but
there are still restrictions on retailing of certain goods, notably books and other media, and most foreign
retailers are finding it hard to make any profit. International companies have established numerous local
partnerships over the years, many now being bought out by foreign parties eager to take full control of their
Chinese operations. Meanwhile, Chinese companies are becoming increasingly competitive in response to the
foreign entrants, often undercutting their competitors to the point of loss-making.

China’s retail market continues to develop rapidly. New chain store networks and shopping malls are emerging
outside the top three cities of Beijing, Guangzhou and Shanghai as retailers extend their reach to other firsttier
cities, and now many second- and third-tier cities. There is aggressive consolidation in the market, as
larger operators swallow up smaller players, while there are equally significant numbers of failures, both retail
companies and shopping malls.

China’s retail market is expected to grow by about 34% between 2008 and 2012, to reach a total value of over
RMB7.54trn.

This report also includes much discussion of what Access Asia considers to be the key issues for retailing in
2008, these being property prices, product prices and pay prices: the “Three Ps” as we have termed them. All
the new regulations, along with the rising costs of operation anyway, and the wider macroeconomic issues,
are all combining to push retailer costs up, while margins are continuing to be squeezed. 2008 will be a tough
year for retailers in China, and narrow profit margins are going to tighten further as the impact of regulations,
such as the new packaging laws, come into effect. Tougher times ahead in the Chinese retail market, perhaps,
but all things are relative, and the market is still growing very fast, even if slower than before, and new markets
are opening up in the interior provinces.

KEY REPORT FEATURES
This newly updated Access Asia report covers:

The total, regional and sector value for retail sales, including urban/rural and food/non-food splits, up to
the end of 2007;

Statistical data on leading retailer market shares by sales in China up to 2006;

Market data for each key provincial and urban region, in terms both of volume retail trade and the value
of the local economy, up to 2007;

Value forecast retail market, up to 2012;

Key current issues , and discursive analysis of the key factors affecting the market;

The domestic industry examined by key statistical indicators , including number of outlets, floorspace,
staff number and turnover, by sector, by province and by key city;

Overview of China’s demographics and macroeconomics.

INTRODUCTION
Report Coverage
China¡¦s Retail Statistics: A Cautionary Note
What Are The Problems With Chinese Retail Data?
What Does All This Mean Practically?
Figure A CHINA TOTAL & PER CAPITA RETAIL SALES COMPARED TO OTHER ASIAN COUNTRIES, 2005
Other Relevant Reports from Access Asia
Abbreviations Used
Free Online Newsletter and Editorials
1 NATIONAL RETAIL MARKET
1.1 Overview
1.2 Chinese Retail Statistics: Problems with Methodology
1.2.1 Chinese Retail Statistics: A Quiet Admission
1.2.2 Chinese Retail Statistics: A Problem With Definitions
1.2.3 Chinese Retail Statistics: China’s Private Sector Hidden
1.2.4 Chinese Retail Statistics: So, How Big is the Consumer Market?
1.2.5 Chinese Retail Statistics: The Mythical Chinese Middle Class
Table 1.1 MIDDLE AND UPPER INCOME HOUSEHOLDS IN CHINA, 1995/2000/2005/2010/2015
Table 1.2 TOTAL CONSUMPTION BY MIDDLE AND UPPER INCOME HOUSEHOLDS, 2005/2010/2015
Table 1.3 CONSUMPTION BY MIDDLE AND UPPER INCOME HOUSEHOLDS & % OF TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS,
1995/2000/2005/2010/2015
1.3 Total Retail Market Size
1.3.1 Total Market S ize: The Total Value of the Retail Market in China
Table 1.1 TOTAL RETAIL CURRENT MARKET VALUE, 2000-2007
Table 1.2 TOTAL RETAIL CONSTANT MARKET VALUE, 2000-2007
Economic Reforms
Developing the Domestic Market
The Spread of Organised Retail
1.3.2 Total Market Size: The Transport Gap
Transport Infrastructure Development & Investment
Table 1.3 TOTAL DISTANCE OF FREIGHT TRANSPORT ROUTES BY TYPE IN CHINA, 2000-2006
Table 1.4 TOTAL VOLUME OF FREIGHT CARRIED BY TRANSPORT TYPE IN CHINA, 2000-2006
Road Freight
Logistics Development
Warehouse Development
Pallets
Total Transport Distance
Table 1.5 TOTAL VOLUME OF PASSENGER TRANSPORT BY TYPE IN CHINA, 2000-2006
Average Transport Distance
Table 1.6 AVERAGE PER CAPITA PASSENGER TRANSPORT DISTANCES FOR BY FORM OF TRANSPORT, 1997-2006
Vehicle Ownership
Table 1.7 PRIVATE VEHICLE OWNERSHIP IN CHINA BY TYPE, 2000-2006
1.4 Retailing in Context
1.4.1 Retailing in Context: The Health of the Economy
China Economic Overview
Table 1.8 URBAN, RURAL & TOTAL INCOME AND RETAIL SPENDING GROWTH, Q1-Q3, 2007
Property Prices Cause Concern
Table 1.9 RESIDENTIAL HOUSE PRICES, Q3 2007
Provincial Incomes
Table 1.10 AVERAGE MONTHLY WAGES IN SELECTED TIER-2 AND TIER-3 PROVINCES, 2007
White Collar Unemployment
Income Tax: Some Good News
How Big is China?
1.4.2 Retailing in Context: Macroeconomic Context
Table 1.11 RETAIL SALES AS A % OF GDP, 2001-2007
1.4.3 Retailing in Context: Retail Sales and Consumer Spending
Table 1.12 RETAIL SALES AS A % OF CONSUMER EXPENDITURE, 2001-2007
1.4.4 Retailing in Context: Sales by Habitation
Table 1.13 RETAIL SALES VALUE BY HABITATION, 2001-2007
Table 1.14 RETAIL SALES % BREAKDOWN BY HABITATION, 2001-2007
1.4.5 Retailing in Context: Retail Sales by Province
Map 1.1 PER CAPITA RETAIL SALES BY PROVINCE, 2007
Map 1.2 PER CAPITA RETAIL SALES BY PROVINCE, 2000
Table 1.15 TOTAL RETAIL SALES BY PROVINCE, 2001-2007
Table 1.16 PER CAPITA RETAIL SALES BY PROVINCE, 2000-2006
1.4 .6 Retailing in Context: China’s Leading Shoppers Only Spend US$5 A Day!
Table 1.17 US$ PER CAPITA RETAIL SALES BY TOP- , MIDDLE- & BOTTOM-SCALES, 2001-2007
1.4.7 Retailing in Context: Leading Cities
Table 1.18 LEADING CITIES KEY ECONOMIC INDICATORS, 2006/2007
1.4.8 Retailing in Context: High Levels of Savings - Self-taxation?
Table 1.19 LEADING CITIES KEY HOUSEHOLD SAVINGS INDICATORS, 2006
1.4.8 Retailing in Context: Consumer Spending Power
Table 1.20 URBAN AVERAGE EXPENDABLE INCOME, EXPENDITURE & POTENTIAL EXPENDABLE INCOME AFTER BASIC
OUTGOINGS, 2001-2007
1.4.9 Retailing in Context: Healthcare
Healthcare Market Size
Table 1.21 GOVERNMENT HEALTHCARE SPENDING AS A % OF TOTAL GOVERNMENT SPENDING, 1997-2006
The Demographic Time-bomb
Private Health Insurance Uptake Low
Price Cuts, Corporate Battles & Piracy
Changes to the Healthcare System
1.4.10 Retailing in Context: Media & Entertainment
Cash for the Media
Music on the Download
Table 1.22 MOBILE MUSIC REVENUES IN CHINA, 2004-2015
China Adspend
Table 1.23 ADVERTISING SPEND ON ALL MEDIA IN CHINA, 2007
Movie Tourists
Flat Panel is the Future
Football Marketing May Get More Tricky
1.4.11 Retailing in Context: Technology, Internet & Mobile Phones
More Subscribers, Cheaper Phones
Table 1.24 TELECOMS USEAGE IN CHINA, 2006/Q3-2007
More Net Controls Demanded?
Table 1.25 TOTAL INTERNET USERS & AS % OF POPULATION IN CHINA, 2000/12-2007/06
Table 1.26 TOTAL INTERNET USERS % SPLIT BY GENDER IN CHINA, 2000/12-2007/06
Table 1.27 TOTAL WOMEN INTERNET USERS & AS % OF FEMALE POPULATION IN CHINA, 2000/12-2007/06
Social Networking China Style
Who¡¦s Making Money on the Chinese Net?
Table 1.28 AD REVENUES OF LISTED CHINESE INTERNET COMPANIES, 2006-2007
ZT Online ¡V Free But Profitable
Online Lotteries
1.4.12 Retailing in Context: Tourism & Travel
China Miles
Holidays About Face
Fast Trains to China
The Future of Fun
America Opens Up to Chinese Tourists
1.5 Food and Non-Food Sales
1.5.1 Food and Non-Food Sales: Current Sales
Table 1.29 TOTAL CURRENT VALUE RETAIL SALES BY FOOD AND NON-FOOD, 2001-2007
1.5.2 Food and Non-Food Sales: Growth Rates
Table 1.30 % ANNUAL GROWTH OF THE MARKET FOR RETAILING IN CHINA BY FOOD AND NON-FOOD, 2001-2007
1.5.3 Food and Non-Food Sales: Urban and Rural Split
Chart 1.1: Urban & Rural Food & Non-food Retail Growth Compared, 2001-2007
Table 1.31 TOTAL CURRENT VALUE URBAN & RURAL RETAIL SALES BY FOOD & NON-FOOD, 2001-2007
1.6 Total Food Sales
1.6.1 Total Food Sales: Eating Out Versus Eating In
Table 1.32 THE MARKET FOR CONSUMER CATERING AS A PROPORTION OF TOTAL CONSUMER FOOD EXPENDITURE IN
CHINA, 2001-2007
Table 1.33 TOTAL PER CAPITA MARKET FOR CONSUMER CATERING IN CHINA, 2001-2007
1.6.2 Total Food Sales: Retail Value Trends
Table 1.34 CURRENT VALUE OF FOOD SALES BY MAJOR PRODUCT CATEGORY, 2001-2007
1.6.3 Total Food Sales: Value Growth
Table 1.35 CURRENT VALUE GROWTH OF TOTAL FOOD SALES BY PRODUCT CATEGORY, 2001-2007
1.6.4 Total Food Sales: Breakdown by Type
Table 1.36 % BREAKDOWN OF CURRENT VALUE TOTAL FOOD SALES BY MAJOR PRODUCT CATEGORY, 2001-2007
1.7 Urban Food Sales
1.7.1 Urban Food Sales: Value Trends
Chart 1.2: Urban Food Sector Retail Growth Compared, 2001 -2007
Table 1.37 URBAN FOOD SALES CURRENT VALUE BY MAJOR PRODUCT CATEGORY, 2001-2007
1.7.2 Urban Food Sales: Percentage Breakdown
Table 1.38 PERCENTAGE BREAKDOWN OF URBAN FOOD SALES BY MAJOR PRODUCT CATEGORY, 2001-2007
1.8 Rural Food Sales
1.8.1 Rural Food Sales: Value Trends
Chart 1.3: Rural Food Sector Retail Growth Compared, 2001-2007
Table 1.39 VALUE OF RURAL FOOD SALES CURRENT VALUE BY MAJOR PRODUCT CATEGORY, 2001-2007
1.8.2 Rural Food Sales: Percentage Breakdown
Table 1.40 % BREAKDOWN OF CURRENT VALUE RURAL FOOD SALES BY MAJOR PRODUCT CATEGORY, 2001-2007
1.9 Total Non-Food Sales
1.9.1 Total Non-Food Sales: Value Trends
Chart 1.4: Total Non-food Sector Retail Growth Compared, 2001-2007
Table 1.41 TOTAL NON-FOOD RETAIL SALES CURRENT VALUE BY MAJOR PRODUCT CATEGORY, 2001-2007
1.9.2 Total Non-Food Sales: Fashion and Beauty
Retailing ¡V Coming Attractions
Face Cream Plus
Beauty Shows Make Comeback
Beauty Chains
China Style Trends 2008
Cosmetics Sector Looks to Sub-Divide
1.9.3 Total Non-Food Sales: Percentage Breakdown
Table 1.42 % BREAKDOWN OF CURRENT VALUE NON-FOOD SALES BY MAJOR PRODUCT CATEGORY, 2001-2007
1.10 Urban Non-Food Sales
1.10.1 Urban Non-Food Sales: Value Trends
Chart 1.5: Urban Non-food Sector Retail Growth Compared, 2001-2007
Table 1.43 URBAN NON-FOOD CURRENT VALUE SALES BY MAJOR PRODUCT CATEGORY, 2001-2007
1.10.2 Urban Non-Food Sales: Percentage Breakdown
Table 1.44 % BREAKDOWN OF CURRENT VALUE URBAN NON-FOOD SALES BY MAJOR PRODUCT CATEGORY, 2001-2007
1.10.3 Urban Non-Food Sales: Ownership of Major Durable Goods
Table 1.45 URBAN HOUSEHOLD OWNERSHIP OF MAJOR DURABLE CONSUMER GOODS, 2000-2006
Table 1.46 GROWTH IN URBAN HOUSEHOLD OWNERSHIP OF MAJOR DURABLE CONSUMER GOODS, 2000-2006
1.11 Rural Non-Food Sales
1.11.1 Rural Non-Food Sales: Current Value Trends
Chart 1.6: Rural Non-food Sector Retail Growth Compared, 2001-2007
Table 1.47 RURAL NON-FOOD CURRENT VALUE SALES BY MAJOR PRODUCT CATEGORY, 2001-2007
1.11.2 Rural Non-Food Sales: Percentage Breakdown
Table 1.48 % BREAKDOWN OF RURAL NON-FOOD CURRENT VALUE SALES BY MAJOR PRODUCT CATEGORY, 2001-2007
1.11.3 Rural Non-Food Sales: Ownership of Major Durable Goods
Table 1.49 RURAL HOUSEHOLD OWNERSHIP OF MAJOR DURABLE CONSUMER GOODS, 2000-2006
Table 1.50 GROWTH IN RURAL HOUSEHOLD OWNERSHIP OF MAJOR DURABLE CONSUMER GOODS, 2000-2006
1.12 Leading Retailers
1.12.1 Leading Retailers: Leading Listed Retailers¡¦ Turnover
Table 1.51 CHINA¡¦S LEADING LISTED RETAILERS BY TURNOVER, 2002-2006
1.12.2 Leading Retailers: Leading Listed Retailers¡¦ Profit
Table 1.52 CHINA¡¦S LEADING LISTED RETAILERS BY PROFIT, 2002-2006
1.12.3 Leading Retailers: Leading Listed Retailers¡¦ Profitability
Table 1.53 CHINA¡¦S LEADING LISTED RETAILERS BY PROFIT % SHARE OF TURNOVER, 2002-2006
1.12.4 Leading Retailers: Leading Listed Retailers¡¦ Turnover Growth
Table 1.54 CHINA¡¦S LEADING LISTED RETAILERS BY % ANNUAL TURNOVER GROWTH, 2002-2006
1.12.5 Leading Retailers: Leading Listed Retailers¡¦ Profit Growth
Table 1.55 CHINA¡¦S LEADING LISTED RETAILERS BY % ANNUAL PROFIT GROWTH, 2002-2006
1 .12.6 Leading Retailers: Leading Listed Retailers¡¦ Share of Total Retail
Table 1.56 CHINA¡¦S LEADING LISTED RETAILERS % SHARE OF TOTAL RETAIL SALES IN CHINA, 2002-2006
1.12.7 Leading Retailers: Top 25 Chainstore Retailers¡¦ Turnover & S tores
Table 1.57 CHINA¡¦S TOP-25 CHAIN-STORE RETAILERS, 2004-2006
Table 1.58 CHINA¡¦S TOP-25 CHAIN-STORE RETAILERS SHARE OF TOTAL RETAIL SALES, 2004-2006
1.12.8 Leading Retailers: Comparing Opinions
Table 1.59 CHINA¡¦S TOP-20 RETAILERS, 2007
Chart 1.7: China¡¦s Leading Retailers 2006/2007
1.12.9 Leading Retailers: Leading Foreign-invested Retailers
Table 1.60 COMPARISON OF CHINA¡¦S 10 LEADING FOREIGN-INVESTED RETAIL CHAINS, 2004-2006
Chart 1.8: China¡¦s Leading Foreign Retailers 2004-2007
Table 1.61 CHINA¡¦S TOP FOREIGN RETAILERS, 2007
1.12.10 Leading Retailers: 25 Leading Supermarket Chains Sales & Outlets
Table 1.62 CHINA¡¦S 25 LEADING CHAIN-STORE SUPERMARKET RETAILERS, RANKED BY TURNOVER, WITH OUTLETS,
2004-2006
Chart 1.9: China¡¦s Leading Grocery Retailers 2004-2007
Table 1.63 CHINA¡¦S TOP GROCERY RETAILERS, 2007
1.12.11 Leading Retailers: 25 Leading Supermarket Chains¡¦ Average Sales Per O utlet
Table 1.64 CHINA¡¦S 25 LEADING CHAIN-STORE SUPERMARKET RETAILERS BY AVERAGE TURNOVER PER OUTLET,
2004-2007
1.12.12 Leading Retailers: Leading DIY & Furniture Chain Store Sales
Table 1.65 5 LEADING DIY & FURNITURE STORE CHAINS RANKED BY SALES TURNOVER, 2002-2006
1.12.13 Leading Retailers: Leading DIY & Furniture Chain Store Outlets
Table 1.66 10 LEADING DIY & FURNITURE STORE CHAINS NUMBER OF OUTLETS, 2002-2007
1.12.14 Leading Retailers: Leading DIY & Furniture Chain Store Average Sales Per Outlet
Table 1.67 5 LEADING DIY & FURNITURE STORE CHAINS AVERAGE SALES REVENUE PER OUTLET, 2002-2005
1.12.15 Leading Retailers: Leading Pharmacy Chains Sales & Outlets
Table 1.68 CHINA¡¦S 10 LEADING CHAIN-STORE PHARMACIES BY TURNOVER & OUTLETS, 2005/2006
1.12.16 Leading Retailers: Leading Pharmacy Chains Average Sales Per Outlet
Table 1.69 CHINA¡¦S 10 LEADING CHAIN-STORE PHARMACIES BY AVERAGE TURNOVER PER OUTLET, 2004-2005
1.13 Retail Prices
1.13.1 Prices: Retail Price Indices
Table 1.70 AVERAGE INCOME ANNUAL GROWTH BY SECTOR, 2004¡V2007
Table 1.71 RETAIL PRICE INDICES BY BROAD SECTOR, 2000-2007*
1.14 Outlook
1.14.1 Outlook: Forecast Trends
Year of the Rat: Initiative & Leadership
Costs of Operation
Costs of Legislation
Consumer Thrift
Company Competition
Inflation
The Income Gap
Urbanisation
Pollution
Other Issues
1.14.2 Outlook: Total Market Size
Table 1.72 FORECAST TOTAL CONSTANT VALUE RETAIL SALES, 2008-2012
1.14.3 Outlook: Food/Non -food & Urban/Rural Values
Table 1.73 FORECAST CONSTANT VALUE RETAIL MARKET BY FOOD/NON-FOOD & URBAN/RURAL SPLITS, 2008-2012
1.14.4 Outlook: Food/Non -food & Urban/Rural Shares
Table 1.74 % BREAKDOWN OF FORECAST CONSTANT VALUE RETAIL MARKET BY FOOD/NON-FOOD & URBAN/RURAL
SPLITS, 2008-2012
1.14.5 Outlook: Growth Rates
Table 1.75 ANNUAL GROWTH RATES FOR FORECAST CONSTANT VALUE RETAIL MARKET BY FOOD/NON-FOOD &
URBAN/RURAL SPLITS, 2008-2012
1.15 Current Issues
1.15.1 Current Issues: 2008 - Property, Pay & Prices (The ¡•Three Ps¡¨)
Property Prices
Pay Prices
Product Prices
1.15.2 Current Issues: Packaging: Dealing with massive amounts of waste
1.15.3 Current Issues: Fat Food: Facing an obesity epidemic
1.15.4 Current Issues: Dangerous Food: Eating poison
1.15.5 Current Issues: Going Green: The positive approach
1.15.6 Current Issues: Genetically Modified (GM) Food: The genie in the bottle
1.15.7 Current Issues: Vegetarianism: Consumers vote with their feet
1.15.8 Current Issues: Health Drinks
1.15.9 Current Issues: Social & Cultural Trends
Author-Driven Magazines
Heavy Metal China
Manners Matter
Scandals
English Language TV
Banned in 2008
1.15.10 Current Issues: Foreign Wholesale Involvement
1.16 Seasonal Retail Trends
1.16.1 Seasonal Retail Trends: National Day
Table 1.76 ANNUAL NATIONAL HOLIDAYS
1.16.2 Seasonal Retail Trends: Chinese New Year
1.16.3 Seasonal Retail Trends: Christmas
1.16.4 Seasonal Retail Trends: Ma y Holiday
1.16.5 Seasonal Retail Trends: Children¡¦s Day
1.16.6 Seasonal Retail Trends: Other National Holidays and Festivals
1.16.7 Seasonal Retail Trends: Seasonality & Climate